Achieving Sustainability and Cost-Effectiveness in Power Generation: Multi-Objective Dispatch of Solar, Wind, and Hydro Units

In the power system, economic dispatch is a popular and fundamental optimization problem. its classical form, this problem only considers thermal generators does not take into account network security constraints. However, other forms of problem, such as emission (EED), are becoming increasingly important due to emphasis on minimizing emissions for environmental purposes. The integration renewable sources, solar, wind, hydro units, an aspect EED, but it can be challenging stochastic nature these sources. study, multi-objective algorithm developed address with inclusion To intermittent behavior power, uses Lognormal, Weibull, Gumbel distributions, respectively. also voltage limitations, transmission line capacities, prohibited areas operation generator plants, system restrictions. real coded non-dominated sorting genetic II (R-NSGA-II) applied includes procedure handling restrictions meet limitations. Results extracted using fuzzy decision-making analyzed discussed. proposed method compared newer techniques from another study demonstrate robustness. results show that despite being older cost-significant while maintaining same or lower emissions. These were observed consistently did happen by chance, detailed explanation why how